Grape post-harvest management technical points
In actual production, many fruit growers tend to loosen the management of grapes after fruit harvesting, resulting in poor maturation of the original shoots in the year and suppression of the rooting of autumn hair, affecting the yield and quality of grapes in the following year. Therefore, strengthening the management of the grapes in later years will ensure high quality and yield in the coming year. Stable production is very important. First, protecting the leaves after harvesting and protecting the photosynthetic capacity of the leaves has an important role in increasing the storage nutrients of the tree. In the late stage of growth, pesticides used for the withdrawal of bacteriocin and sulfur are strictly controlled to prevent premature leaf aging and reduce photosynthetic intensity. Under normal circumstances, in addition to the giant peaks, the fruit should be used as little as possible after harvesting, or it should not be used on old leaves. 2. The pruning and clearing gardens shall continue to do a good job on the basis of the summer shearing work. The tendrils shall be removed and the thin and weak branches shall be removed to remove the severely damaged leaves so as to reduce the consumption of nutrients, regulate the nutrient flow of the trees, and promote the fullness of the shoots. Cooked. The weeds in the garden will be cleared and the diseased shoots, diseased leaves, diseased fruits, dead branches and debris will be cut off and brought out of the park, buried deep or burned to reduce the sources of diseases and insects. Third, after the application of post-harvest fertilizer, the fruit can be harvested, the results of many, weak tree vigor can be applied under fast-acting nitrogen fertilizer, in order to enhance the late leaf photosynthesis and restore tree vigor. Applying about 12 kilograms of available nitrogen fertilizer per acre, it is also possible to spray 0.3% urea solution on the surface of the leaves and spray 2~3 times. If the tree vigor is strong, use it sparingly to prevent new shoots from stretching out and consume large amounts of nutrients. Apply base fertilizer as soon as possible after harvesting. Fourth, early application of basal fertilizer into the base fertilizer in the middle and late September, the latest October before the grape leaves the most suitable. Basal fertilizer is dominated by organic fertilizers with phosphate fertilizers. Mushi organic fertilizers (farmers' manure) 3000-5000 kg and phosphate fertilizers 50 kg. Since this is the time when the peak of root growth occurs, the wound is easily healed. Combined with the fertilization, the scotch can cut off the fine roots and play a role in root pruning. It can promote many new roots in the year, and can absorb large amounts of nutrients in the soil in early spring. substance. In the autumn, the ground has gradually stopped growing, and the underground growth is still strong. The nutrients absorbed mainly accumulate and store, which can increase the nutrient storage level of the tree. It is conducive to flower bud differentiation and enhancement of overwintering ability in the year, which is conducive to budding in the coming year and further development of flower buds. With the early growth of shoots after flowering. Due to the high nutrient level of the tree and the good quality of flower buds, the fruit setting rate can be increased to lay the foundation for high yields in the coming year. Fifth, loose soil to prevent drought and summer drought in autumn orchard easy to overgrown with weeds, after picking the fruit to timely cultivator weeding. At the same time, deeper turns are needed. Deep plowing of loose soil should be carried out between September and October, when the severed roots can heal quickly. This time soil cultivation is often carried out in combination with the base fertilizer. Generally, the depth of cultivation is about 20 cm, and it is shallower near the trunk and deeper outward. It can also be achieved by opening fertilization ditch. When there is a lot of rain, it is necessary to drain the gutter in time. In case of drought or winter drought, it should be timely irrigated to keep the field holding water no less than 60% so as to make the soil moist. VI. Pest control The main diseases of grapes are downy mildew, black pox, and rust. From August to September, the onset of downy mildew is particularly serious. The rainy year is particularly serious. After harvesting the grapes, we must continue to focus on the prevention and treatment of diseases. We can use 200 times the half Bordeaux mixture and 50% Kete Wettable powder 500. 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