Using Artificial Hatching Technology to Expand Muscovy Duck Procreation
Muscovy duck hatching is divided into natural hatching and artificial hatching. Natural hatching is the use of nesting hatching of mother ducks. This method is only suitable for the breeding of a small number of family farmers, and is restricted by seasonal factors and cannot meet the needs of commercialized ducks. In order to multiply, artificial hatching must be used. The technical points are as follows: Choose eggs The quality of the eggs is good or not, and has a great influence on the hatching rate and the quality of the ducklings. Therefore, the eggs should be strictly selected according to the requirements of the poultry eggs. Incubation period and conditions The hatching period of the Muscovy duck takes about 35 days, and the roast duck is 30 days, which is longer than the 28 days of the domestic duck. Muscovy duck has large eggs (75-85 grams), shell thickness (0.43-0.45 mm), thick and tough shell membrane (0.1-0.12 mm) and low stomata (60-76 per square centimeter) and poor permeability. , so its heating and cooling process is slow. At the same time, the proportion of egg yolks was high (3.5%-38.5%), fat food amount was approximately 17.19%, and the embryos released more calories. If heat is not supplied and fresh air is supplied in time, the number of dead embryos will increase later. Incubation temperature When a large number of eggs are generally grown, hatching may be performed in batches, and incubation may be performed at a “constant temperature†because the metabolic heat source of embryos can be used as a heat source. The "isothermal" protocol was 1-32 embryonic days at 37.8°C and 33-35 embryos at 36.5°C-37°C. When the whole batch is hatched, it should be treated with “warming†hatching. Because of the same embryonic age, the metabolized heat released by the embryos in the middle and later stages will cause the temperature to rise and must be treated with cooling measures. The “warming†protocol is 1-6 embryos 38°-38.2°C, 7-24 embryos 37.8°C, and 25-35 embryos 36.5°-37°C. Incubation humidity In the initial stage of incubation, relative humidity of 60% to 65% is appropriate, in the medium term, 55% to 60%, and later, 75% to 80%. Because the initial humidity can make the embryo heat evenly and reduce the evaporation of water in the egg, which is conducive to the formation of amniotic fluid and allantoic fluid. In the medium term, it is necessary to excrete amniotic fluid, allantoic fluid, and metabolites, so the humidity can be lower. Late high temperature can promote the eggshell calcium carbonate into calcium bicarbonate, so that the eggshell becomes brittle and conducive to hatching. At the same time, high temperature can also accelerate embryonic body heat release, prevent dehydration or villus and shell membrane adhesion, and promote the hatching of ducklings. air Embryos must constantly undergo gas transformation during development, inhaling fresh air and expelling carbon dioxide. According to the determination, the oxygen demand per day and night is more than 110 times of the initial period in the late hatching period. Oxygen content in the hatchery is 21%, and carbon dioxide 0.5% is most favorable for embryonic development. When carbon dioxide rises above 0.5%, the hatching rate begins to drop, and when it reaches 5%, the hatching rate will drop to zero. Air conditioning must be ventilated, but there is a negative correlation between ventilation and temperature and humidity control. Therefore, air conditioning must be considered in conjunction with environmental conditions such as temperature differences. Turn the egg The main role of turning eggs is to prevent the adhesion of the embryos to the shell membrane. The result of adhesions is that the embryonic blood circulation is blocked, affecting the normal development of the embryo. At the same time, regular rotation of the egg position can increase embryonic movement, promote embryonic membrane growth, and increase the contact surface between yolk sac, allantoic blood vessels and egg yolk and protein, which is beneficial to the absorption of nutrients and water balance. Generally, the frequency of turning eggs should be no less than 4 times per day and night, and the turning angle should reach 110 degrees. Cool eggs Muscovy duck eggs hatch to the eighth day, embryos have begun to use fat, egg temperature will also increase, to 10 days up to 38 °C. Therefore, it is generally 10 days before spraying cold eggs. Cool eggs use warm water at 25°C to 30°C twice a day for 30 minutes or so, so that the egg temperature is reduced to 32-35°C. This allows the excess physiological heat of the embryo to be dissipated in a timely manner, preventing the egg temperature from being too high and keeping the incubation temperature stable. In addition, the glial membrane can be washed off the egg surface, but also to promote the contraction and expansion of the eggshell and eggshell membrane, increase the permeability of the eggshell membrane, promote water metabolism and gas exchange, thereby enhancing the vitality of the embryo, Improve hatching rate. Machine Hatching Machine incubators are generally equipped with automatic control devices, which are easy to operate and manage. Good hatching and other advantages. There are many types of hatchery machinery specifications can be used with reference to the instructions, etc., pay attention to the operation of the hatching machine before starting the inspection, disinfection and temperature calibration. Standby power supplies and voltage regulators are required for frequent power outages or voltage instability to prevent failure of the Automation system. Traditional hatching Traditional incubation methods include barrel-incubation, cylinder-incubation, and incubating. Its advantages are simple equipment, no electricity, and low cost. The disadvantage is that it is based on experience and it is difficult to grasp and work hard. The main program is for pre-warming and warm-keeping, with late-stage spreads, and the embryos are incubated from temperature. At present, traditional hatchery still plays a certain role in duck production. Inspection of hatching effect The hatching effect is generally achieved by arranging the eggs. Muscovy duck hatching is usually carried out at the time of germination of 6-7 embryos, when the first illumination is performed at 15-16 embryos, and at the time of 30-32 embryos, the irradiation is performed at the age of 30-32 embryos. One day ahead of the Muscovy Duck, three days ahead of time.) The first photo needs a “beading†feature, and the second photo needs a “closed†feature, and the third requires a “flashy†feature. Pitch Angle Yaw Angle Rolling Angle,Machine Tool Positioning Laser Interferometer,Laser Measurement Machine Tool,Laser Interferometry Technology Automated Precision Inc. , https://www.apiasean.com