Seedlings "sleep" hotbed festival and increase efficiency
Jiangjin District explored a rice field hotline plant breeding and agricultural production socialization service, and explored a rice ground hotline seedbed rapid nursery transplanting technology. Greenhouse greenhouse seedbeds were warmed and insulated by using geothermal lines, seedling filming and assembly line sowing and seedling raising. . Recently, the reporter learned that using this new technology, conventional greenhouse cultivation can be planted about 20 days in advance, about 40 days ahead of conventional dry nursery. Into the factory chemical breeding greenhouse in Huangzhuang Modern Cereals and Oils Technology Demonstration Park, the reporter discovered a mystery: the common steel frame seedbed bottom, not only paved with chaff, but also a geothermal line. “We have learned from the technology of vegetable electric heating and seedling raising. After trials and transformations, we let the seedlings live in a hotbed.†The person in charge of the Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Jiangjin District introduced. The chaff laid on the bottom of the steel frame seedbed is used for heat preservation. The geothermal line is laid according to the spacing of 5-8 cm between each track. It needs to be straightened and prevented from colliding with the wire during line laying. After laying the line, lay a thin film on top and then install the temperature controller. “Using artificial seedlings from the seeding line to remove the hard disk from the seedlings, transfer them to a nursery shed, and put them on a geothermal hot bed in the short side. The bottom of the hard disk of the yuhuan must be filled with a layer of yolk film to facilitate packing. After use, the disk should be used. The plastic film covers the surface of the tray to prevent water from evaporating and to achieve neatness.†The person in charge said that after the emergence, the temperature in the shed is strictly controlled to prevent high-temperature burning of the seedlings, and a certain soil moisture level must be maintained during the emergence stage. Guo Feng, a researcher at the Municipal Agricultural Technology Extension Station, said that in general, one batch of conventional seedlings can be bred per year, while two batches of fertility can be grown in greenhouses, and three to four batches of seedlings can be cultivated using geothermal hotbed technology. . This not only advances and prolongs the sowing date of rice, saves the time for breeding and the cost of raising seedlings, increases the efficiency of planting rice in greenhouses, and is also conducive to the promotion of early planting of rice to avoid disasters and increase production. It is a practical technology to increase efficiency. . Rice ground hotline rapid nursery transplanting technical points 1, material preparation A flat-bed type seedbed (15 meters in length and 1.5 meters in width) is used as a unit to prepare 7.5 kg of rice seeds, 300 meters of geothermal lines, 125 special hard drives for machine transplanting, 3 kg of drought-strengthening agent, and 15 meters of plastic film. 50 pieces of bamboo, 125 pieces of ramie and 625 kilograms of nutritious soil. 2, production of hotbed Lay the heat-insulating chaff at the bottom of the seedlings. The geothermal line is laid at a distance of 5-8 cm between each track, and then a layer of film is laid on top. Note that the principle of “tight and thin on both sides†should be followed to strictly prevent electricity. The hot lines touch each other, the heating wire is straightened, and the power is checked, and then the temperature controller is installed. 3, prepared nutrition soil It is best to use vegetable garden soil for sub-soil in Yushu, and add 1.5 kg of superphosphate, 1 kg of urea, and adequate amount of manure to mix thoroughly, fill and cover-film to ferment for 30-40 days, and sow the seedbed nutrient soil. After smashing and sieving the nutritious soil, add 0.5-0.8 kg of dry seedling-strengthening agent per 100 kilograms of nutrient soil and mix evenly. Another preparation is to crush the vegetable garden soil directly for cover soil. 4, seed processing The seed is prepared by transplanting 1.2 kg per mu into the field and soaking in a circulating water bath at 35°C for 27 hours; then the pan is picked up, and the germination is carried out in a chest-breaking germination box. The temperature of the germination tank is set to 35°C, and the germination is 6-8 hours. After 90% of the seeds are whitened, the seeds can be removed and dried. 5, precision seeding A padding film is placed on the bottom of the hard disk to facilitate packing. The seedling sowing line is matched with the 58cm28cm standard hard disk, and the bed soil (nutritional soil for mixing strong agents), brushing, watering, sowing, and soil covering operations are completed in one operation. The speed of the subsoil and seed collection is quantified and the thickness of the subsoil reaches 18 -20mm, so that the seeding rate of 60-65g/disc, the amount of watering each plate about 500ml, cover the thickness of 3-5mm. 6, put the dishes Manually remove the seedling hard disk from the sowing line and transfer it to the greenhouse for breeding. The short side is placed on the geothermal hot bed, and attention is paid to correcting, placing, and tightening. Single-story greenhouses educate hard drives directly on neat ground, and multi-story greenhouses are placed on each level of the eaves rack. 7, cover film After the wobble plate is placed, the surface of the plate is covered with a mulch. The corners of the membrane must be tightly pressed to prevent evaporation of water and achieve neat appearance. 8, nursery management Temperature control after the emergence of seedlings strictly controls the temperature in the shed. Before the leaf is in focus, the temperature in the shed is controlled at 25-28°C. The maximum temperature in the shed is not more than 30°C. The minimum temperature in the night is kept above 15°C. When the temperature is lower than 10°C, the boiler should be warmed by wind, water heating, or electric heating; the temperature should be turned off quickly when the temperature of the chamber is controlled at 20-25°C, and the indoor temperature exceeds 27°C with strong light. Network to prevent burning of seedlings; 7 days before transplanting, all-weather shelters will be planted. The focus of temperature control is to prevent high temperature hazards. The maximum temperature at sunny noon in a greenhouse broth shed is 41-42°C, which is a great threat to the growth of seedlings. If shading measures are taken, it will have a certain effect on lowering the temperature, but it will affect the lighting. To achieve this, cooling should take the following measures: First, to open the curtain fan cooling, without a curtain fan can open the shed door, shake the side membrane of the greenhouse in order to speed up the air circulation; Second, replenishment, at noon through the replenishment can make the temperature Reduce 3°C. Watering seedling stage must maintain a certain degree of soil moisture, requiring the relative soil moisture content of more than 80%. Due to the high temperature in the greenhouse and the large amount of evaporation, it is often difficult to replenish the water in the morning to the evening, especially on the top floor, and the water can only be maintained for two hours at noon on sunny days. Therefore, a small amount of water should be replenished every day to keep the disc soil moist. Generally after 3-5 days can be planted after sowing, after emergence can reduce the replenishment to the disc soil white, seedlings roll leaves for replenishment standards, according to the need for water at any time. Every time the water is replenished, the soil moisture should be saturated (the drip tray starts to drip) and the green shoots should be avoided. Increased light deficiency is a prominent issue in greenhouse greenhouses. In order to improve lighting conditions, the spacing of the three-dimensional seedlings should not be less than 50 cm. After the two-leaf stage, the plates are regularly poured from top to bottom, inside and outside, so that the pods receive light evenly, and the seedlings grow uniformly. Fertilize two-leaf and one-hearted period to chase weaning fertilizer before and after, and chase urea 5-10 grams per square meter, mix water 1000 times evenly and spray water to wash seedlings. Three days prior to transplanting, we applied the same amount of weaning fertilizer as "send marriage fat." Prevention of disease greenhouse shed due to high temperatures, we must guard against bakanae disease, blight, bacterial wilt, rice blast disease occurrence. Bakanae disease is treated with prochloraz when soaked; seedlings with 1 leaf and 1 heart each time with 70% of enemy pine 25 grams of water spray 1.5 kilograms, to prevent standing dead, blue dry dead seedlings; 1-2 before planting The seedlings were sprayed with 20% tricyclazole 750 times to prevent rice blast disease. Ventilation of refining plants is essential for the breeding of greenhouses in greenhouses. One can change air, the other can cool and regulate humidity, and the third can regulate seedlings. The main stage of emergence is closed sheds, and appropriate ventilation is needed. 1 leaf 1 heart to 2 leaf 1 heart ventilation during the day, closed the shed at night; 2 leaves after 1 heart period all day ventilation is not closed shed, cooling and hardening seedlings. Before 3-5 days of transplanting, attention should be paid to controlling humidity, promoting seedlings packing, and increasing the pulling force of moromi blocks to facilitate rolling and machine insertion. Fruit juice drinks is a beverage made of fruit juice products obtained by physical methods such as pressing, centrifugation and extraction. Fruit juice retains most of the nutrients in the fruit, such as vitamins, minerals, sugar and pectin in dietary fiber. 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