Tomato umbilical rot characteristics and prevention measures
First, the symptoms: Umbilical rot generally occurs when the fruit grows to walnuts. The initial appearance of umbilical water lesions, gradually expanding, causing the top of the fruit depression, brown. The lesions are usually 1 to 2 cm in diameter, and when severe they expand to a small half of the fruit. In the dry condition, the diseased area appears as a leathery substance. In humid conditions, the surface produces various mold layers, often white, pink and black. These fungus layers are saprophytic fungi, not the pathogen of the disease. Most of the diseases occurred on the fruits of the 1st and 2th ear. These fruits were often grown and hardened and turned red earlier. The top of the fruit is brown and dry, and the fruit turns color early. It is a common fruit disease in production. Second, the main reason is due to calcium deficiency caused. When the calcium content of the fruit is less than 0.2%, the umbilical cells cause physiological disorders, loss of water control capacity and necrosis, and the formation of umbilical rot. In most cases, there is no lack of calcium in the soil. The main reason is that excessive use of chemical fertilizers such as nitrogenous fertilizers in the soil leads to high concentrations of soil solution and affect calcium absorption. Second, prevention and control measures (1) to keep the soil moist, pouring enough water to planting, to ensure that the flowering period and the initial results have sufficient water supply. (2) Strengthen ventilation and reduce temperature, balance fertilization and prevent partial nitrogen fertilizer application. (3) The mulching can keep the soil moisture relatively stable and reduce the loss of calcium nutrients in the soil. (4) Using the top-dressing calcium fertilizer technology. Within one month after the tomato result, it is the key period for absorbing calcium. Can be sprayed with 1% of superphosphate, or 0.5% of calcium chloride plus 5 mg/kg of naphthalene acetic acid, 0.1% of calcium nitrate and 6,000 times more love from the beginning of the flowering period, every 10 to 15 days spray once, continuous Spray 2 or 3 times. When using calcium chloride and calcium nitrate, do not mix with sulfur-containing pesticides and phosphates (potassium dihydrogen phosphate) to avoid precipitation. During the results, the leaves were sprayed with 0.5% calcium solution.
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