Wheat virus disease prevention and control
Wheat virus disease refers to a type of wheat disease caused by different viruses. Commonly occurring wheat virus diseases in our province include wheat bush dwarf disease, wheat green dwarf disease, wheat yellow dwarf disease and wheat dwarf disease, and a variety of common virus diseases in the field are mixed. infection. The return of green wheat to the jointing stage is a critical period for the prevention and treatment of the aforementioned viral diseases. Now we introduce the types, symptoms and prevention and treatment of viral diseases in our province. 1. Wheat bush dwarf disease. Wheat bush dwarf disease, also known as "smear disease" and "small rickets," is caused by the Northern Valley mosaic virus. Generally speaking, the earlier the disease is, the greater the loss of yield is, the reduction of 10%-20% of mild disease fields, the reduction of serious disease fields by more than 50%, and even the loss of crops. The main symptoms are severe dwarfing of plants, significant increase in tillers, formation of conspicuous plexiform stalks, and discontinuous lines of varying lengths of yellow and white leaves, which gradually develop into uneven yellow-green stripes. The diseased plants usually die early and can not be jointed and headed. Wheat bush dwarf disease can only be transmitted by the planthoppers, which are five generations in Hebei Province each year. The winter wheat planthoppers in the winter wheat area migrated from the summer host of the virus to the hazard of wheat fields, resulting in the peak incidence of autumn seedlings. Viruses overwintered with wintering nymphs in wheat fields, weeds and their rhizosphere earth seams and became the source of infection for the second year. With the increase of temperature in the spring, the susceptible plants in autumn gradually became ill, and the overwintering nymphs of Laodelphax striatellus continue to harm wheat, resulting in a peak disease. After the wheat enters the yellow ripe stage, the first generation of adults migrates out of the wheat field and flies to grasses such as corn and weeds. In the summer, the generation of Sphaeropsis sinensis overlaps, and it can be seen in summer crops, field weeds or shaded ditch-edge weeds. Wild wheat seedlings, foxtail millet, Setaria viridis, and Teff are the main hosts of the virus. Wheat is the main wintering host of the virus. 2. Wheat green dwarf disease. Wheat green dwarf disease is caused by the rice black-streaked dwarf virus, which is transmitted by Laodelphax striatellus. The main symptoms of wheat green dwarf disease are dwarfing plants, dark green leaves, a slight increase in tillering, and missing leaves in the heart. Both wheat green dwarf disease and wheat bush dwarf disease were transmitted by Laodelphax striatellus, and most of the wheat field was mixed with wheat clump and dwarf plus green and dwarf. The disease cycle of wheat green dwarf disease is mainly affected by the activity of SBPH, similar to that of wheat bush dwarf disease. Any planting system, cultivation and management measures and meteorological conditions conducive to the propagation and preservation of virus by the mediator insects are all conducive to the occurrence of wheat green dwarf disease. 3. Wheat yellow dwarf disease. Wheat yellow dwarf disease, commonly known as "yellow leaf disease" and "embedded yellow", is caused by barley yellow dwarf virus. After the onset of wheat, the yield is generally reduced by 5%-10%, and can reach up to 40%. Individual plots can cause outbreaks. The typical symptom is that the new leaves begin to yellow from the tips of the leaves, the plants become shorter, the leaves are golden yellow to bright yellow, and the yellow part is 1/3-1/2 of the whole leaf. Sensitive plants generally cannot produce heading. Even if heading, grain number and grain weight per ear are significantly reduced and decreased. Wheat yellow dwarf disease is transmitted by a variety of aphids, including wheat birch, wheat long tube aphids, tuber aphids, corn cocoons. In the middle and late May of winter wheat region, the wheat in various regions gradually entered the yellow ripening stage. The wheat bran caused aging and malnutrition, resulting in the migration of a large number of winged toads (secondary wheat seedlings, wild oats, and cherries) to the overwintering summer. The host feeds, reproduces, and spreads the virus. After the wheat emerged in autumn, the wheat aphid moved back to the wheat field, and it was winged and wingless. If the wingless larvae were overwintering at the base of the wheat seedlings, the diseased wheat before the winter was the center of the disease in the early spring of the second year. 4. Wheat dwarf disease. Wheat dwarf disease is caused by wheat dwarf virus. The main symptoms are increased tillers, severe dwarfing, yellowing, and inability to head. Wheat dwarf disease is mainly transmitted by sand leafhoppers. In the province, the main occurrence of sand leafhoppers was 3-4 generations, and the eggs were overwintered on the inner wall of the wheat leaf sheath or litter. The hatching begins in early March of the following year, and the adult nymphs mix and develop in April and May. They are concentrated in wheat fields and later migrated to weedy beach or autumn crops. After the unripe wheat seedlings in the fall, the adults moved back to wheat fields to harm them and spread viral diseases. Low temperatures are favorable for diseases, and the temperature is higher than 28°C. Prevention and treatment of viral diseases: The prevention and control of drug transmission mediators are the focus of virus disease prevention and should be used for seed dressing and seedling control. It is now a crucial period for controlling viral diseases. Back to the jointing stage spraying wheat fields close to the roadside, ditch, field edge, village edge, orchard edge, pond edge, focusing on 5 meters of weeds around the wheat field and 5 meters of wheat seedlings and weeds in the wheat fields, forming an insect isolation Take to stop and kill the passerate of the wheat field. Lambda-cyhalothrin 3000-4000 times or imidacloprid 1500-2000 times can be used. Baby Monitor,Indoor Home Baby Monitor,Camera Baby Monitor,Wireless Video Baby Monitor Shenzhen Zuomi Technology Co., Ltd. , https://www.leftriceptz.com