Apple's summer management must be "Achilles heel"
The management of orchards in the summer will help promote the enlargement of the apple fruit and adjust the structure of the tree skeleton in time to achieve ventilation and light transmission. Therefore, experts from the fruit innovation team of Shandong Province, head of the fruit and vegetable video network, and Xu Mingju, director of the Feixian Fruit Research Institute, suggested that the farmers should pay enough attention to summer pruning.
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Xu Mingju said that the methods for summer management of apple trees include picking branches to encourage injury, opening the toothpick, dipping branches, softening the branches, and cutting around.
Picking leaves to promote injury and branching is a new technology that takes measures to accelerate branching and accelerating the formation of fruiting branches in the year. It is applied more to newly planted young trees. For the 30-centimeter-long extension of the main trunk of the fruit tree seedlings, the technique of "leaving the leaves and promoting branching" is performed 3 times a year to ensure that the center grows robustly and branches are issued. The tree height can reach 22.5 meters in the year.
In addition, for the shoots that occurred in the year, especially the saplings need to open angles. When the new shoot grows to 20 cm, use a toothpick to make it 90 degrees. The early opening angle can open the base corner, which can save a lot of pulling branches in the future.
The removal of strong twigs from June to September can weaken the growth of branches and branches, eliminate and retract perennial branches, and adjust the spatial distribution of branches. Therefore, fruit growers should be cut off from their bases for standing branches, legged branches, dense branches, and the branches of the crown, the dense branches, and the long branches in the periphery of the canopy.
The softening of the sticks has the effect of alleviating the growth of branching and increasing the accumulation of nutrients. For upright or perennial erect branches, take branches when summer branches soften. The specific method is: hold the back of the branch by hand, hold the front of the branch in the other hand, slowly bend the branches downwards, and gradually move from the inside to the outside, and it is appropriate to send a slight sound of cracking in the xylem. When you take a branch with a large, angled backbone, be sure to work with both hands. Do not use too much force.
In June and June, circumcision can promote flower bud formation and early sapling results. The fruit grower can use a ring cutter to cut a circle 5-6 cm at the base of the secondary culture, reaching deep into the xylem. If the tree vigor grows vigorously, and if there are few or no results for many years, you can cut 2-3 knives. However, it is required that the ring shear must be flat, straight, and not obliquely cut.
In conjunction with the opening of a toothpick, Xu Mingju suggested that pulling branches be performed in the late July and early August. For the orchards using the high-spindle model, pull branches are more important during this period. The specific method is that the fruit grower can pull down the branch of the taro after the toothpick is opened to 110-120 degrees.