Discussion on the Difficulties in the Quantification of Modern Botanical Drugs
The obvious idea of ​​modern botanicals is to be as “digital as possibleâ€. The first is the quantification of chemical components. However, there are still some problems in practice. The lack of strong and effective quantitative indicators is a long-standing problem in the modernization and internationalization of traditional Chinese medicine. To ensure the quality of drugs, quantitative indicators are required; for drug approval, quantitative indicators are required according to requirements; quantitative indicators are required to go abroad and go international. In the past, most Chinese patent medicines did not have quantitative indicators. There are quantitative indicators, and their indicators are often rough, such as just measuring the absorbance value of a certain wavelength. This method is difficult to eliminate interference factors, it is difficult to distinguish adulteration, and it is more difficult to establish a direct correlation between measurement and efficacy. Sometimes, the establishment of a certain measurement method is only to meet the requirements of the pharmaceutical administration for the quantitative approval of new drugs. The problem of establishing quantitative indicators of plant extracts needs to be solved: First, you need to know the effective chemical composition, and screening the active ingredients is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Moreover, the effective chemical composition of plants is often not a single monomer, but a chemical class, which adds to the difficulty of quantitative research. For example, ginkgo leaves contain dozens of flavonoids, of which 35 species are quercetin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin. The current content is determined based on the above three units, and the sum of the above three units after hydrolysis is determined to obtain a relatively powerful quantitative index. Second, knowing the active ingredients may not be able to establish quantitative methods very quickly. It is often the time before the development of the drug is used, and the establishment of the active ingredient quantification method is later. Ginkgolide has long been known, and ginkgo leaf preparations have long been used, but the reliable quantitative method of lactones and inclusion in the index is a matter of Zui in recent years. In addition, the quantitative method does not necessarily have to be effective for the components of Zui, and a relative quantitative indicator can be determined for the labeled components. The famous pollen preparation “Sinitong†for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostatitis has existed for more than 20 years. So far, no quantitative method for its active ingredients has been established, but a biological quantification method is adopted. Furthermore, people's understanding of the active ingredients is itself a process of continuous improvement. It is not necessary to wait until Zui correctly understands before developing its commercial value. The establishment of quantitative methods is often based on what is quantitative, and it is not necessarily based on the fact that this component is more effective than that component. Taking Salvia miltiorrhiza as an example, the quantitative indicator of Danshen preparation is tanshinone, which is mainly because the tanshinone is easy to purify, and the standard is first prepared. In fact, the effect of dankeone on cardiovascular disease is slow, far less than the correlation between the original catechol index and efficacy. Therefore, people are more willing to use the original catechol aldehyde to illustrate the efficacy. However, the chemical name of protocatechuic aldehyde is dihydroxybenzaldehyde, which has a simple structure, can be synthesized, and artificially synthesized protocatechuic aldehyde, and its effect is not satisfactory. In the production practice, the higher the original catechin aldehyde content of the Salvia miltiorrhiza extract is, the better the effect is. Therefore, the research progressed further and further found that salvianolic acid with physical and chemical properties similar to that of protocatechuic aldehyde is a more important component. Ginkgo biloba has been quantified with flavonoids, but the three flavonoids are not unique to gingko, but also in other plants. Although they do have cardiovascular effects, they do not explain the special effects of ginkgo. It was later found that ginkgolides are a more essential component. These examples show that the power of quantification is more important and practical than its effectiveness (whether it is Zui's effect on efficacy). Hydroponics is a subset of hydroculture, the method of growing plants without soil, using mineral nutrient solutions in a water solvent. Terrestrial plants may be grown with only their roots exposed to the mineral solution, or the roots may be supported by an inert medium, such as perlite or gravel. The nutrients in hydroponics can come from an array of different sources; these can include but are not limited to waste from fish waste, duck manure, or normal nutrients. Greenhouse Hydroponic System,Greenhouse A Hydroponics,Greenhouse Flat Hydroponics,Greenhouse Vertical Hydroponics JIANGSU SKYPLAN GREENHOUSE TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD , https://www.spgreenhouse.com Discussion on the Difficulties in the Quantification of Modern Botanical Drugs