Fertilizer, more land, or hunger, diet balance, weight loss, balance, fertilization, what is Dongdong

In the golden autumn of October, the sky is high and the sky is light. Many people walked outdoors with their legs and were enchanted by the charming autumn colors and magnificent mountains and rivers of China. The beauty in front of you may not be passed down to the present, but the result of people's unremitting efforts to restore the ecology and restore the environment. Behind the big beautiful autumn, there are countless people's sweat and effort.

From this issue, Eco-Weekly launched the “Ecological Restoration, Beautiful Golden Autumn” column, focusing on ecological restoration of soil, mines, wetlands, forests, rivers, etc., and interviewing and reporting typical cases in various fields. Looking forward to your attention.

On September 13, 30 agricultural experts from 8 provinces gathered in Xihua County, Zhoukou City, Henan Province, including the station chief of the 8 provinces. In the hinterland of this grain area, they will observe the field of fertilizer reduction experiments that have been going on for many years, measure the production in the field, and complete the evaluation of the results.

Li Rong, the director of the Cultivated Land Quality Inspection Department of the National Agricultural Technology Promotion Center of the Ministry of Agriculture, has two soybeans grown on experimental plots and general plots. A root must be straight down to count more than 50 effective rhizobium. A root must grow laterally, more than 20 rhizobium, open or rotten.

Rhizobium can help soybeans to fix nitrogen from the air and promote growth. Therefore, the survival rate of Rhizobium is an indicator of the health status of legume growth.

Li Rong simply let the land be dug up. The improved land appears to be soft, known as "sponge soil", while the soil for long-term application of chemical fertilizers is strong, and the masses say this is called "thousand layer cake." Everyone understands this: "The roots can't go down, no wonder it's long." The experimental plot was applied with "carbon adsorption polyglutamic acid organic water soluble fertilizer", which has achieved remarkable results in fertilizer reduction and soil improvement. More than 10 million acres of application testing.

Soil compaction, plant roots are not deep and can not be opened

At the end of September, Zhoukou Xihua was in the autumn harvest season of corn and soybeans, but Cao Zitang, a large grain grower, was not in a hurry. On September 13th, the National Agricultural Technology Promotion Center of the Ministry of Agriculture organized to observe and have his improved land. He is a large grain grower in the country, and he is equipped with “high-top” equipment such as spraying drones and self-propelled sprayers. In other people's fields, the machine is busy harvesting, and Cao Zitang has to wait another week.

Unlike the surrounding plots, the reconstructed plots of Cao Zitang did not dry up, but kept the green live stalk mature. “The land is nutritious and has strong vitality. If it is not harvested, it is still grouting, and it can increase production.” Cao Zitang said, “In the past few years, crops were particularly prone to drought and had to be watered repeatedly. Later, it was known that the soil was knotted and the roots of the plants were not deep. Can't open."

Pulling out the corn control of Cao Zitang, the roots are obviously thick and strong, and they spread a lot and firmly grasp the soil. Land compaction, the naked eye is not easy to see, but the plant feels obvious. Last year, Xihua County asked him to pilot a water-soluble organic fertilizer called “carbon adsorption polyglutamic acid” and reduce the amount of fertilizer. He did not want to take this risk. Finally, the deputy magistrate in charge of agriculture promised to compensate for the loss, and he tried several plots. This year, he did not want to use all the polyglutamic acid that he could get in the ground, and even the comparison field was not willing to stay.

With dense planting, good seeding and other methods, others beat 400 pounds of soybeans per acre, and his improved ground hit 700 pounds. Others beat 700 pounds of corn per mu, and he hit 1400 pounds. Corn used more than 100 kilograms of fertilizer per acre, and this year it fell to 60 pounds. Large planters in Shanxi and Hubei have come to learn.

"This year, the pollination period was hit by heat, the weather was extreme, and the yield after land restoration was more intense. In normal years, my field harvest was 30% more than the knotted land. It is safe to use more than 200 kilograms, and the quality is better." Cao Zitang Say.

In the Laiyu Village of Xihuaying Town, many plots have been repaired for 5 years. This year, Cui Jinli’s soybeans attracted folks from Shili and Baxiang. The sand land did not grow such a good bean. On September 22, the cutting was carried out, and the yield per mu exceeded 400 kg. But Cui Jinli is not surprised.

Four years ago, the land after the restoration was the first to grow wheat. The experts of the Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences estimated that the yield per mu was 1200 kg. He did not believe it. Because the wheat here has never talked about jin, only on the bag: the average yield of four or five bags, about 500 pounds. The result made him memorable, a total of 10 acres and 4 points, hit 12,880 pounds.

During the talk, a bean worm climbed onto the old Cui. Fertilizers and pesticides are much more used, and the insects in the fields are not common. After the land was restored, the bugs came back. Lao Cui said that in those years, the wheat came out green and yellow, and there was no reason to use it. Later, it was known that the herbicide was “burned” yellow with the rain. The peasants don’t know, and they don’t “detoxify” the soil. They just think that the fertilizer is not enough, and finally there is a vicious circle.

Nowadays, the organic water-soluble fertilizer used by farmers to repair the soil is called “Nean”, and its inventor is an authentic farmer: Party Yongfu. He is 50 years old and spends 26 years of hard work on the guardian land. He has won the National May 1st Labor Medal, the United Nations International Ecological Life Science Academy, and the International Ecological Safety Cooperation Organization "Science Star" Medal.

In the view of the party Yongfu, the long-term use of chemical fertilizers in the land is like eating a big fish and meat. It has been naturally sick for a long time, blood lipids are high and blood pressure is high, and complications are all coming. There are more fertilizers, land is still hungry, and a balanced diet is needed. Organic matter and minerals are indispensable.

Polyglutamic acid is non-toxic, hydrophilic, and biodegradable. It has been recognized as a soil conditioner to balance acid and alkali, solidify heavy metals, and to increase fertilizer efficiency and increase plant yield. The scientific research results of the party Yongfu have significantly reduced the production cost of polyglutamic acid, and have shown good results in a long-term large-scale field verification.

Overcoming difficulties and overcoming the side effects of herbicides and fertilizers

The party is rich and hungry, and he has different feelings for food.

In 1989, the first time he used herbicides to kill herbicides at home, the effect was amazing, but the crops experienced a period of 10 to 15 days after the application, which was not long and turned yellow, reducing yield by one to 30%. From the time the crop was harvested, he began to remember to overcome the side effects of the herbicide.

In the next few years, he often found something to sprinkle in the ground, trying to neutralize the harm of herbicides. In 1995, Party Yongfu ran to the Shenyang Research Institute of Chemical Industry and asked Professor Chen Chang to help him treat the side effects of herbicides. Professor Chen Chang suggested that it is better to follow the situation and open his own herbicide factory. In 1996, when the factory was built, Party Yongfu categorically shut down the factory, and none of the herbicides were produced. Because he is more afraid of the investigation, worried that the factory will cause serious pollution to the local area.

With helplessness and moving, Chen Chang decided to help the party Yongfu build a pharmaceutical factory. When the raw materials started, Chen Chang died in 1997. But this pile of raw materials and the purification ideas left by Chen Chang became the starting point for the research of the party Yongfu. Party Yongfu began the “Long March” in the field of degradation residues.

By 2003, Dang Yongfu completed the accurate quantification of major degrading agents. Afterwards, the hazards of herbicides were exposed in some parts of the Northeast. Due to the excessive release of herbicides by farmers for many years, many plots have become “dead land”, and crops are difficult to survive. The masses are called “cancer fields”. Party Yongfu brought products to Heilongjiang, and the local plant protection station did not trust: "The German companies are not cured, the cost is too high, what are you relying on?"

The old party relied on the effect that the “cancer field” re-growed corn and soybeans. In this way, he took the "Nian" all the way to the north, traveled all over Heilongjiang, and was almost a household name in the countryside.

In the process, the old party discovered problems in the application of chemical fertilizers. The masses complained that the fertilizer was “not motivated” and that the increase in fertilizer did not increase the grain. Only 1.55 tons of coal can produce 1 ton of nitrogen fertilizer. In the past 20 years, our use of fertilizer per mu has increased by 12 to 15 times, and the yield per mu has increased by only about 40%.

In the view of the old party, Henan has an eight-month accumulated temperature period and has the best soil quality. In theory, it should be able to grow the best wheat in the world. However, the dependence of chemical fertilizers on the acidification of the soil, the organic matter content in the soil is seriously degraded, and the plants grown are naturally not strong enough.

Occasionally, they cultivated microbial secretion of polyglutamic acid, which was purified in batches to reduce costs. From here, the soil repair, fertility activation, heavy metal passivation, pesticide residue degradation, pest and grass pollution pollution, the old party explored a feasible path.

There is a long way to go, and it takes time for farmers to accept new products for soil repair.

The improved land after restoration proves that these degrading enzymes, polyglutamic acid, used for land restoration are indeed good things. Li Rong said, "This is exactly the technology that is needed in China. It can not only adjust acid and alkali, but also solidify heavy metals. It shows significant effects of weight loss, yield increase, quality improvement and synergy on more than 10 crops. The technical level is at the leading level of similar products in the world."

However, good things may not be accepted. The dealers first contradicted, and Party Yongfu was chased by dealers. Dealers welcome new applications of fertilizers such as soil fertilization and formula fertilization, and do not welcome the technology of reducing fertilizer. Even though polyglutamic acid can reduce costs, increase yield, and repair soil, it still encounters rejection from time to time.

Under the action of polyglutamic acid, the amount of chemical fertilizer per mu can be reduced from 100 kilograms to less than 70 kilograms, and the cost of replacing organic carbon soluble polyglutamic acid organic soluble fertilizer is about 30 yuan, which can also ensure the increase of production. According to a relatively conservative assessment by experts from the Ministry of Agriculture, this technology can increase food production by 8% with a 30% reduction in fertilizers. The concept of “multiple fertilization and more food” is deep-rooted, and high-yield still wants higher yields, and is not willing to reduce the amount.

In the large land in the northeast and Xinjiang, the farmers have a high acceptance of charcoal-adsorbed polyglutamic acid organic water-soluble fertilizer, and the large grain-growing households in the mainland accept it quickly. However, if the new fertilizer is not used well, the harvest of the season may be soaked, and it is not cost-effective to increase the yield by two or three acres of land at high risk. Therefore, the small farmers who abuse the most serious fertilizers are very slow to accept.

For farmers, the degradation of heavy metal passivation and pesticide residues is not related to the immediate interests. More degradation process means higher cost, but its effect is difficult to visualize. The market may not recognize it. Therefore, even if there is such a Good technology, they are not enthusiastic.

China has already set a target of zero growth in fertilizer and pesticide use by 2020, but it is difficult to achieve the goal. As experts have said, good technology wants to go to large-scale applications, and it still faces many practical constraints, and has a long way to go. (People's Network, Wang Hanchao)

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