The Main Causes of the Decline of Laying Eggs and Countermeasures
The main reason for the decline of egg production in a laying hen 1 Disease factors The main diseases that cause egg production drop in this region are: atypical Newcastle disease happens regularly, clinical manifestation of sporadic death, low egg production rate, can not reach the egg production rate of more than 95%, the duration of egg production peak is short; H9 subtype The mortality rate of low-pathogenic bird flu is low, and respiratory symptoms are the main factors. The rate of egg production declines rapidly, and the rate of egg production drops by more than 50% in one week. The quality of eggs decreases, and sand shelled eggs, shellless eggs and broken eggs increase. Poultry encephalomyelitis caused by chicken drinking, eating, mental status and other normal, performance of a transient egg production rate decreased by 20% -40%, lasted about 2 weeks, natural recovery; infectious bronchitis, leukemia, Marek's disease, chronic respiratory diseases, avian aspergillosis, etc. can also cause decreased egg production. These diseases have obvious clinical symptoms and are easy to distinguish in production. 2 Feeding management The chicken farm lacks scientific planning and cannot reach the safe breeding distance of 1-2 kilometers with other farms. Some chicken farms are distributed around large and small chicken farms, duck farms or goose farms. Some chicken farms cannot distinguish between clean walkways and polluted walkways, causing serious cross-contamination. Chicken droppings are handled casually and piled up everywhere, causing serious environmental pollution. Some chicken farms are more casual and free to enter and leave, with little control or regulatory constraints. There is no disinfection pool at the entrance of the chicken farm; or there is a disinfection pool, but the disinfection water is not placed at all, only for furnishings; or neglected management, long-term does not change the disinfectant. Most of the preparation of disinfectant is estimated, the concentration is not accurate. The breeders usually put each other together, without any awareness of closed feeding. Disinfection of the inside and outside environment of the house and the main roads is seldom incorporated into the normal work scope, and there is no regular disinfection system. The eggs, chicken cages, drinking fountains, feed troughs and water tanks are rarely sterilized. Some chicken farms use drugs that are not targeted, random, and constantly use drugs, large doses of antibiotics, antiviral drugs, it is prone to drug resistance. Vaccine immunization procedures are irrational, frequent immunization, resulting in immunosuppression; greed for convenience, multiple drinking water immunization, poor efficacy, prone to immune failure. Many breeders pay attention to the delivery of chicken excrement. They also do not strictly implement the difference between clean walkways and polluted walkways. They often go back and forth several times to avoid cross-infection. Some chicken farms discarded diseased and dead chickens randomly and dissected directly in the chicken house to cause death of pathogens. 3 feed factors Farmers are often equipped with powder, raw materials are purchased by themselves, and the quality is difficult to control; storage and storage conditions are limited, it is easy to fail, mildew, and quality is difficult to guarantee; formulas are often experienced, nutrition is difficult to be comprehensive; it is difficult to guarantee the production of high quality Full price feed. Second prevention and control measures In the site selection and construction of chicken farms, scientific planning should be carried out, as far as possible away from other farms and free-range households 1-2 kilometers away from large lakes, waterways, migration routes and roads for migratory birds. In this field, we resolutely eliminate mixed feeding of different breeds of poultry and try to avoid feeding different batches of poultry. Lay a good safety net for insects (rats, birds), build clean walkways and polluted walkways, and construct chicken manure harmless treatment facilities. 1 Strengthening feeding management is fundamental The all-in, all-out feeding system is a fundamental measure to ensure the health of chickens and eradicate the pathogens. The all-in, all-out feeding model is divided into three levels: first, all in and out in a chicken house; and second, in a breeding household or All areas of the chicken farm are fully in and out. Third, the entire chicken farm is fully in and out. It is better that the whole chicken farm can implement all-in and all-out. All chicken farms must establish a strict disinfection system and disinfection procedures. They should include the disinfection of the environment, chicken houses, people, vehicles, utensils, drinking water, chickens, and other major aspects. A strict assessment system should be established, and outsiders should be refused to visit. Strengthen the sense of responsibility and management of employees, require carefulness, care, and patience, and do a good job in feeding and management of ventilation, cleanliness, sanitation, and disinfection of the environment, control reasonable breeding density, and supply nutritionally balanced full-priced feeds. Feed mildew or toxins to reduce stress. Preventive use of drugs should be targeted, when there is a bacterial disease should be bacterial pathogens and drug susceptibility testing, find sensitive drugs for targeted treatment and put forward reasonable control measures, and strictly control the dosage and duration of treatment. 2 Scientific immunity is a guarantee Pay attention to the choice of vaccine manufacturers and varieties, and do a good job of refrigerated transport and storage. In light of the actual production, a scientific and reasonable immunization program was developed, the monitoring of the antibody level after immunization was strengthened, and the immunization program was adjusted in time. 3 Strictly performing harmless treatment is the key Every day, chicken manure should be removed in a timely manner, and transported to the off-site fecal site in a timely manner through a sealed manure transport vehicle. Fermentation and resource utilization of chicken manure should be carried out using biological fermentation, and the equipment and vehicles used to transport the manure should also be disinfected. There must be a strict management system for the anatomy of sick and dead chickens. Diseased and dead chickens must be dissected in special laboratories, sound-proofing is forbidden on chicken farms, and it is strictly forbidden to abandon disease-dead chickens. A standardized and harmless treatment system must be established. High-temperature treatment or pit disposal.
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