Raspberry hardwood cuttings

Raspberry seedlings, also known as raspberries, are perennial shrubs of the genus Rubus L. of the family Rosaceae and are known internationally as one of the third generation fruits. The fruit is a polymerized berry, soft and juicy, with pleasant color and unique flavor. In addition to fresh food, it can also produce jams, fruit juices, fruit wines, jelly, soft candy, etc., and is a natural health food. The actual sugar content of the raspberry was 5.58% to 10.67%, and the acid content was 0.62% to 2.17%. In addition, it is also rich in vitamin C, B1, B2, B12 and minerals. Its amino acid content is higher than that of apples and grapes, and it contains anti-aging substances and anti-cancer substances. In particular, the SOD content is higher than any existing cultivated and wild fruit, and has wide applications in medicine, makeup, and health care. Raspberry can also beautify the environment, maintain water and soil, and has good economic, ecological and social benefits. The cutting propagation method can maintain the excellent traits of the mother plant, and the breeding cost is low, the speed is fast, the operation is simple, and the time for raising seedlings is shortened. To this end, the author conducted a raspberry cutting propagation test, starting with the influence of different cutting substrates, growth hormone and concentration on the rooting of cuttings, and researching and solving the cutting and seedling raising techniques of Raspberry in order to have a certain degree of cutting propagation for raspberry. Guidance role.

1 Natural conditions in the test area

The trial site is located at Yuanlong Nursery, Yuanlong Township, Maiji District, Tianshui City, 106°39′E longitude, 34°22′N latitude, 1100-1700m above sea level, sandy soil with soil texture, pH value of 4.4. It is a warm and temperate humid and semi-humid climate zone with an average annual rainfall of 496.5 mm, mostly concentrated in July-September, with an annual evaporation of 1,297 mm, an average annual relative humidity of 69%, and an average annual temperature of 11°C, greater than or equal to 10 °C accumulated temperature 3 360 °C, extreme maximum temperature 37 · 2 °C, extreme minimum temperature - 17 · 6 °C. Frost-free period 155~192 d.

2 test materials and methods

2.1. Three kinds of different substrates such as vermiculite, perlite and mixed matrix (vermiculite + perlite + sandy soil) were selected for the slotting test. The substrate was washed with 0·2% potassium permanganate solution for 3 days prior to cutting, and was spray-washed for 12 h. After the cutting, 0.2% carbendazim solution was sprayed and sterilized with cuttings.

2.2 Sources of Cuttings

2.2.1 Preparation of cuttings and overwintering combined with pruning of raspberries before winter last year for harvesting. Before winter shearing, pre-trenching is used to bury the cuttings. The width of the groove is 1.5 to 2 m and the depth is 1 m. The length depends on the number of buried strips. Every 30 to 50 roots is a bundle, and the bundle should not be too tight. Then horizontally placed in the ditch, the edge of the code tied sand, the gap between the bundle and the bundle, cuttings and cuttings are all filled with wet sand, the humidity of the sand is maintained at about 60%. Cover wet sand on the buried cuttings with a thickness of 20-30 cm. Then set the grass in the middle and fill the soil to make sure that the thickness of the buried soil is up to 50 cm so as to avoid cuttings by frost and frost.

2·2·2 Cutting Treatment

After the temperature rises in the spring of the following year, generally when the ground temperature stabilizes at about 5°C, the cuttings are taken out and cut into 15 cm lengths, leaving 3-4 buds per cutting and 1 cm from the bud at the lower end. Cut into horseshoe shape, cut the mouth 3~4 cm away from the bud position, cut it into a flat mouth, and cut it smoothly, 30 bundles per 50 to 50 roots. The roots of the cuttings were soaked in different concentration (50 mg/L, 100 mg/L, 200 mg/L) of ABT No. 1 rooting powder and IBA solution for 12 h, and the immersion depth was about 2 cm. The fresh water was used as a control.

2·3 Cutting

The cuttings treated with different concentrations of auxin solution were respectively inserted into the vermiculite; and the cuttings treated with the 100 mg/L ABT No. 1 rooting powder solution were respectively inserted into vermiculite, perlite, mixed matrix, and cuttings. The row spacing is 10 cm×10 cm, the cutting depth is 1/2 of the cuttings, the sand around the cuttings is compacted by hand, and the water is poured.

2.4 plug management

In order to keep the seedbed moist in order to increase the ground temperature, a plastic arch shed was built. When the seedbed soil temperature is higher than 25°C, shade nets are used outside the shed. When the temperature in the shed is high, open the shed at both ends to ventilate and ventilate, prevent the temperature in the shed from burning and hurting the cuttings. At the early stage of cutting (cutting into callus rooting stage), water is often sprayed to ensure that seedbeds are moist and humidity is suitable for hand-pressing seedbeds. In the medium-term (growth stage), under the condition of keeping the substrate moist, the number of water sprays should be appropriately reduced according to the seedlings. In growth and weather conditions, 0.2% carbendazim was sprayed once every 7-10 days, and 5 mg/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate was sprayed once every 15 to 20 days after cutting. After about 60 days of rooting, the number of water sprays is gradually decreased after rooting, so that the matrix is ​​properly dried and the roots are aged, and the film is gradually removed and ventilated until it is completely removed. The rooted seedlings can be transplanted after adapting to the external environment. Survey the survival rate when transplanting.

3 Cutting test results and analysis

Effect of Different Matrixes on Rooting of Cuttings

The rooting rate of cuttings on vermiculite and perlite was significantly higher than that of mixed substrate cuttings, and there was no significant difference between vermiculite and perlite. The highest rooting rate of red raspberry on perlite was 63.4%, and the survival rate on mixed substrates was 50·4%. The rooting rate of blackberry was higher than that of red raspberry. It can be seen from Table 2 that the survival rate of red raspberry was significantly different from that of the control, which was 77.55%, 71.75%, 70.75%, 69. 2%, 68.5%, 68. 2 respectively. %, the difference between the treatments is not significant. This indicates that ABT and IAA promote the rooting of Raspberry. In a certain concentration range, the survival rate of cuttings treated with ABT and IAA is higher, but the survival rate is too high. Among them, cuttings treated with 100 mg/LABT No. 1 rooting powder had the highest survival rate of 77.55%. The survival rate of the blackberry was not significantly different from that of the control, and the cuttings treated with 100 mg/L ABT 1 rooting powder had the highest survival rate of 86.5%, indicating that the blackberry is very easy to root. Therefore, Raspberry hardwood cuttings with 100 mg/L ABT had the best cutting effect.

4 Conclusions and discussions

(1) Blackberry is easy to root, red raspberry is more difficult to root, but using auxin treatment cuttings, can improve the rooting rate of red raspberry, which with 100 mg / L ABT1 rooting powder treatment of cuttings best.

(2) Perlite is an ideal cutting matrix for raspberry.

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