Microfluidic electrical impedance technique for detecting bee spores
Mahi Mahi,Mahi Mahi Fish,Mahi Mahi Fillets,Frozen Fish Fillets Mahi Mahi Zhejiang Zhoushan Jiaze Aquatic Co., Ltd. , https://www.tianjia-aquatics.com
This old man said this in his top secret note: human beings may be extinct in 2060; if the bees on the earth disappear, the humans may have to disappear, and it may even be less than four years left. . 
Ok, I don’t believe what he said about the extinction of humanity in 2060. But seriously, if there is no bee pollination, everything on the planet should be affected. Do you have to rely on flies?
Endospores, also known as spores , are mainly derived from microsporidia that are parasitic in the digestive tract epithelial cells of insects, typically bee microspores and silkworm microsporidia. Microsporidia infection spreads fast, and it is prone to debilitation or even death of the population. Therefore, it is necessary to detect endospores in the intestinal tract of the insect to achieve the best treatment period for prevention and control of microsporidia.
At present, the laboratory can only count the endospores of the honeybee in the intestines by microscopy. The process is time-consuming and laborious, and the size of the spores in the intestines of the bees is small, only 2 ~ 3μm, and the deviation of the microscopic examination results between different people is large, and Microscopic examination is especially difficult when the concentration is high. Zhuowei Technology's customized version of JIMBIO CL cell counter can replace microscope microscopy. The detection concentration range is 1e5~5e6, which can improve the counting efficiency and give accurate and objective counting results. 
The following is a count case of the endospores in the entire honeybee
material:
Infected with microsporidia bees, PBS (1X)
Preparation of spore suspension purification:
1. Take the abdomen of the bee and place it in a mortar filled with distilled water and abrasive powder.
2. After grinding uniformly, transfer to a 10 ml centrifuge tube and centrifuge at low speed for 3 min at 500 rpm.
3. Transfer the supernatant to a new 10 ml centrifuge tube, discard the pellet, and centrifuge at 2000 rpm for 10 min.
4. Discard the supernatant, resuspend the pellet with water, and centrifuge at 4000 rpm for 10 min.
5. Take the precipitate, dissolve the pellet with 1 ml PBS, and store at 4 °C until use.
Microscopic examination: 
results and analysis: 
It can be seen from Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 that the spores in the intestine of the bee are relatively small, and when the concentration is high, the sample is spread on the blood cell counting plate very densely, and it is difficult to count under the microscope.
As can be seen from Table 1, the average JIMBIO-CL test results are basically the same as the count plate statistics. Since the customized version of JIMBIO-CL is 10 microliters of sample, the test results are less fluctuating and the stability is obvious. Better than imported blood count board.
Precautions:
1. The sample of bee spores to be tested can only be diluted with PBS (1X);
2. The sample to be tested should be thoroughly mixed before the sample is added (the liquid gun can be selected according to the total sample size);
3. In order to ensure the stability of the test results, the total amount of samples to be tested should not be less than 100 microliters.
Acknowledgement:
I would like to thank the Guo Rui teacher group and the research team of Huang Weifeng from the Bee College of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University for providing samples and jointly completing application development.
Welcome to the research group of the silkworm baby to call us to study the endospore of the silkworm baby.