Cultivation technology of dwarf lettuce beans in early spring

Also known as green beans, jack peas, kidney beans, corn beans, etc., are leguminous plants, native to tropical regions of Central and South America. The tender pod is used as an edible part, which can not only be eaten fresh, but also processed into canned foods.

1. Variety selection. New Zealand No. 3, supplier, young pod beans, Shuangqing 12 and so on.

Second, nursery. In early February, seedlings were raised in nutrition bowls. Before nursery, prepare nutrient soil, that is, 50% of organic fertilizer that is ripe, 50% of vegetable garden soil, and add 4 kg of ternary compound (15% each) to 500 kg of manure soil, and 150 g of 50% carbendazim. Use a nutrition bowl (8 cm x 8 cm) soil, 6 cm high. Drain the nutrient bowl into the seedlings, and irrigate it with water. Put 3-4 seeds in each bowl to cover the wet tide nutrient soil, cover it with plastic film, and keep it warm and emerge.

After sowing, the daytime temperature is 22-25 ° C, and the nighttime temperature is 17-12 ° C. After emergence, the daytime temperature is 17-22 ° C, and the nighttime temperature is 12-7 ° C. In order to prevent long legs from forming tall shoots, the mulching film is removed immediately after emergence. True leaves appear around 22 ° C during the day and 12-10 ° C at night. 2-3 seedlings are kept in each bowl. Generally, no watering occurs during the seedling stage, and drought occurs during the seedling stage. You can spray warm water on a sunny morning, add 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and then heat and dehumidify. Seedlings can be planted in about 30 days.

Third, planting

⑴Time: Seedlings can be transplanted at the end of February and early March. Seed soaking is available in late February. ⑵Fertilization, land preparation, and hoeing: 5-7 days before planting, apply 4,000 kg of cooked organic fertilizer, 50 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 20 kg of urea, 30 kg of potassium fertilizer per acre. Put the thread according to 100 cm to make a high cymbal with a height of 15 cm, a width of 30 cm, and a width of 70 cm. Cover the mulch, heat up the shed, and cover grasshoppers at night. (3) Planting: Select cold-tailed sunny morning planting. Cut through the "ten" -shaped mouth of the plastic film, and dig planting holes according to the small row spacing of 40 cm, the large row spacing of 60 cm, and the hole spacing of 25 cm. Pour enough water into the holes, and pour 50% 50% copper succinate fertilizer (DT) wettable powder 50ml in each hole, and then put the seedling bowl. The seedling bowl is flat with the noodle surface, sealed with soil, and stretched. . Direct seed soaking can cover the mulch first after sowing, and then put the seedlings out of the soil after the seedlings are arched, and seal them tightly to prevent the hot air from burning the seedlings.

Fourth, daily management

⑴ Field management: Close the shed to warm up after the seedlings are planted, and the temperature during the day is 24-27 ° C and 15 ° C at night; after the seedlings are planted for 4-5 days, the daytime temperature is 15-18 ° C and the night is 15-13 ° C; 27 ° C, 18-15 ° C at night. Manure water management: After the seedlings are released, the water can be poured once, and at this time, the vines have begun to spread, and 10 kg of urea can be chased with the water. After that, the pods were seated without watering and topdressing, and the management of fertilizer and water was based on the principle of "watering pods without watering, dry flowers and wet pods". When the young pods are seated, most of them grow to 5 cm in length, combined with watering the pods, applying 10 kg of urea per acre, and 1 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate. After every two harvests, a ternary compound fertilizer will be applied once, 30 kilograms per mu. (3) Falling flowers and pods and control: The number of flower buds of kidney beans is large, but the number of flower buds and falling pods is serious, about 2/3 of the total number of flower buds are falling. Reducing the number of falling flower and pods is an important measure to increase yield. To prevent falling flowers and pods, first adjust the shed temperature. The temperature of the flower bud differentiation at seedling stage is 20-25 ℃, the temperature of flowering and pods is 18-25 ℃, and the short-term temperature is not lower than 13 ℃. Apply sufficient organic fertilizer, increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and spray micro-fertilizers containing molybdenum, manganese, and boron to maintain moist soil and proper air humidity during the pod-setting period. Reasonably dense planting and timely harvesting. Spray 10-20 mg / kg α-naphthalic acid and 0.08% boric acid during flowering.

Fifth, disease prevention. Amaranth bean root rot: control temperature and humidity. At the time of onset, spray 77% to kill 500 times of wettable powder, or 70% of mancozeb wettable powder 1000 times to prevent and control. Amaranth bean rust: choose disease-resistant varieties. Clean the countryside and strengthen cultivation management. Spray 15% triazodone wettable powder 2000 times liquid, or 50% powder rust spirit 800 times liquid at the beginning of the disease. (3) Bean bacteriological blight: implement crop rotation, collect seeds from disease-free plots and plants, soak seeds with warm soup, and strengthen cultivation management. At the beginning of the onset, spray 14% ammonia copper solution 300 times solution, or 77% can kill wettable powder 500 times solution, or 72% agricultural streptomycin 3000 times solution for 7-10 days, for 2-3 consecutive times.

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