Occurrence and Control of Sweet Corn Stalk Rot

In order to meet the market demand, farmers in our county have frequently adjusted their planting structure in recent years. The area of ​​corn used as feed has increased from 1,000 mu to 20,000 mu, and the area of ​​sweet corn for human consumption has been planted to about 3,000 mu. Sweet corn's resistance to insects and disease is less than conventional feed corn. Recently, the prevalence of “stem rot” found in sweet corn in our county has seriously affected grain production, and the incidence rate of severe field strains has reached 15% (in the case of Fushishan Village in Baima Town). Farmers must strengthen control measures to control the degree of damage. 1. Causes of morbidity: The bacteria source is mainly caused by the infection of Pythium and Fusarium graminearum on soil surface and crop residues, and then encountered field poor drainage, high planting density, poor field ventilation, or typhoons After the heavy wounds of the plant, the continuous high temperature above 30°C was encountered, which could easily cause the infection and epidemic of the disease. 2. Infestation and Symptoms: The bacteria first invade from the base (or wound) of the corn leaf sheath and then extend to the internodes of the base. Then, water-stained spots appear on the edges of the invading leaf, which gradually develops to rot in the leaves. At the later stage, the base becomes brown, rot, hollow in the pith, and is easy to fall down; it affects the ear of the late stage and the grains dry up. 3. Reasons for this year's epidemic: Sweet corn stalk rot is a common type of sudden disease. The main reason for this year’s outbreak in mid-August was the effect of Typhoon “Matsa” on August 6-8. The wind was larger, the time was longer, the rainfall caused more serious water in the field, and more plants were wounded. The continuous high temperature of 35°C after the typhoon is extremely beneficial to the spread, development and prevalence of diseases. 4. Control measures: (1) Breeding resistant varieties is the most economical and effective measure. (2) Rotation must be carried out between the mouth and the year. (3) Proper close planting and avoid dense planting. (4) Reasonably apply fertilizer, increase organic fertilizer, avoid excessive nitrogen application. (5) Before and after sowing, all fields should be cleaned up in time to reduce the source of bacteria. (6) Immediately after a typhoon storm, use 50% carbendazim per acre to spray 100 kg of water on coarse fog, or combine it with a combination of both corn mash and 40% phoxim 100 ml. Irrigation better.

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