Cultivation techniques of autumn and winter pods for sweet-smelling melon in solar greenhouse

It is difficult to cultivate thick and thin melons in autumn and winter, because during this period, the climate is declining in temperature and the light is gradually weakening, while the thick melons in melons require a higher temperature, stronger light and larger Temperature difference between day and night. Dongsheng City is located in the eastern and central part of the Ordos Plateau. The average annual temperature is 6.50C, the coldest month's average temperature is -11.80C, the extreme minimum temperature is -260C, the annual sunshine hours is 3121h, and the accumulated temperature is more than 100C. The temperature is 2499h. The climate is cold but the light is sufficient. After two years of experimentation and demonstration, the author produced more than 1800kg per 667m2 of output and an output value of more than 20,000 yuan, which can obtain higher economic benefits. The cultivation techniques are now described as follows: 1. Seedlings are planted around August 25th and the seedling age is 25-30 days. Second, the preparation of nutritious soil with adequate maturity of high-quality organic fertilizer and uncultivated pastoral soil of melon crops, according to the ratio of 3:7 prepared nutrient soil, nutrient soil after screening by each breeding area applied 8 ~ 10g methyl Topozin or Capxon is mixed with nutrient soil and put into a 8cm10cm (diameter high) nutrient bowl and soaked with water before sowing. 3. Seed Treatment and Germination 1. Seed Treatment Seed Selection Elizabeth was used to soak seeds in warm water of 550C for 15 minutes, and stirring was continued. After the water temperature dropped to about 300C, stirring was stopped, then immersed for 3 to 5 hours, and then repeated. Wash the seeds, and wash off the adherents of the seed epidermis with fresh water. Soak the seeds with 100% to 150 times of the formalin solution for 20 minutes, and rinse with fresh water for 2-3 times. 2. After the germination seeds have been disinfected, drain the excess water, wrap it in a clean wet cotton cloth, and then pack a clean wet towel and place it at 25 to 300C to germinate. When 50% of the seeds are “exposed”, the germination ends. IV. Seeding and Seedling Management 1. Seeding The germinated seeds will be sowed in the nutrient bowl with a thickness of 1cm. 2. Seedling management After sowing, a 1m high pergola is planted on the seedbed (ie, the ceiling film, ventilation). A shade net can be installed on the pergolas from 10 am to 3 pm to cool the shade. The temperature is too high to control the moisture too much. Seedbed water should be properly watered, but also 0.2% urea plus 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate for 2 to 3 times foliar dressing, 600-800 times the seedling spray chlorothalonil and other agents to prevent disease, after broadcast 25 to 30 Days, seedlings 3 leaves 1 heart can be scheduled for planting. Fifth, fertilization, soil preparation, ridge for the creation of a rich, loose, well ventilated soil environment, to re-apply organic fertilizer as a base fertilizer, 667m2 high-quality mixed circulatory fertilizer 7000 ~ 8000kg, deep roll flat. The practice of ridge is to press a 1.8m broadcast space and plan to plant 2 rows. The small row spacing between two rows of melons is 65vm, the row spacing is 125cm, and the ridge surface is 45cm, the small ridge and furrow is 20cm, the ridge and furrow is 70cm, and the row spacing is small. Cover the mulch and perform submerged irrigation. When doing ridges, 40kg of diammonium phosphate is applied per 667m2 of ridges. Sixth, appropriate colonization and reasonable close planting around September 20 colonization. Melon enlargement requires strong light, the density should not be too large, otherwise affect the ventilation and light transmission, planting distance 40 ~ 50cm, 667m2 planting 1500 ~ 1800 strain is more appropriate. VII. Field management After field planting, the field management includes pruning, introduction, artificial pollination, selection of melons, management of fertilizer and water, temperature and humidity management in the shed, and pest and disease control. 1. After planting and cultivating the seedlings, 4 to 5 leaves will be picked up by the main vines to promote side vines. The double vine pruning method can be used to select from the side vines to be released. The other side vines were removed, and thereafter, the vines growing on the side vines had female or bisexual flowers. 12 to 14 to stay in the melon, in order to ensure fruit set, can be continuous pollination 3 to 4 nodes, to sit after the melon, remove the upper part of the Sun vine, to stay after the melon, and then stay in the melon node stay up to 10 to 12 leaves topping . Sun Man who stays in the melon section and leaves 1 to 2 leaves also picks his heart, and does not make the Sun Man continue to extend. After the main manuscript has picked up his heart (actually it is the side vine that he left behind), if the side part of the mango occurs (in fact, it is Sun Man) Should be removed. At this time, if the old leaves of the base have turned yellow or have spots, they can be removed to facilitate ventilation. 2. Artificial pollination and staying in the melon at 9 am to 10 am, take the male flower that was newly opened on the day and pick it off. Make sure that the powder has already begun to be loosened. The male flower corolla can be removed and the stamens exposed to the stigma of the melon flower. If the male flower is insufficient, a male flower can be coated with 3 to 4 flowers. When young larvae grow to the size of eggs, leave one guava on each vine, and the two vines left are best on the same node. In the future, the size of the two cucumis will be similar, and the size of the larvae will not appear. The phenomenon. In the reserve node, pollination leaves the melons at the same time, pollinated at the same time, the fruit size is the same, and the pollinated melons remain. 3. Hang melon When the melon grows to 250 ~ 300g, should be hoisted in time, use plastic ropes to live buckle up to the fruit stalk near the fruit parts, the melon hanging. The height of the gourd should be as consistent as possible. 4. Fertilizer and water management After the planting of the slow-emerging seedlings, enter the vine extension stage, apply 10 kg of urea with water, and spray the 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2 to 3 times on the melon expansion stage. From planting to maturity, generally only need to pour 3 water, that is, planting water, extending vines, reminding melon water, planting water to be poured enough, when the vines start to elongate, pour 1 water to promote rapid growth of stems. Then control the watering to "sweet melon", when sitting melon, melon is expanding, pouring a water to promote rapid expansion of melon, until after the maturity of the melon no longer water. 5. The temperature management in the shed shall roll up the front side membrane. Before the middle and late September, when the minimum temperature in the night shed is lower than 150C, it shall be promptly draped in the straw curtain. However, it shall be covered with the temperature condition in the shed, ie, the nighttime temperature is higher. At that time, only part of the straw curtain was covered to prevent the night temperature from exceeding 200C, and when the night temperature was less than 130C, all the straw curtains should be covered. 6. The harvest should be properly delayed, so when the weather turns cold, the temperature of the shed is not high, the ripening and ripening speed of the melon slows down, and mature melons are delayed for several days on the melon pods, generally without affecting the quality. It is generally delayed until mid-December to early January. (Inner Mongolia Dongsheng City Vegetable Basket Engineering Office Wang Guirong Jia Jianjun)

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