Afforestation technology of pecans in stony mountainous land in Pingdu City, Shandong Province
Pingdu City, Shandong Province is a warm temperate continental semi-humid monsoon region with a continental climate. The annual average temperature is 11.9 °C, the frost-free period is 195.5 days, the sunshine hours are about 2700 hours, and the annual average precipitation is 680 mm. The area is mostly granite rocky mountains. In order to improve the economic effectiveness of the development of afforestation in the barren hills, it has achieved good results in the construction of walnut economic forest diseases on the barren and barren hills. The afforestation technology of the barren hills and pecans in Pingdu City is introduced as follows. 1 Afforestation site selection The slopes below 25°, the slopes with a thickness of 30 cm or more, the slopes of the Banyin slope and the hills and valleys are used as the walnut forest land. The slope of the barren hills with a thicker soil layer of 25° or more can also be used as a forestation site. 2 walnut variety selection For the barren hills with better site conditions, the early varieties of Green Ridge, Xiangling and Luguang were selected as the main varieties, and the late-real varieties were selected as the main varieties. The main planting and pollinating varieties are evenly arranged from 6 to 8:1. 3 Afforestation density and configuration The planting density is 4m×3m, 5m×3m, 4m×4m, etc., and the plant spacing is triangular or pin-shaped. Generally, 42-56 plants are planted per acre. 4 Soil preparation 4.1 Land preparation season In the autumn and winter afforestation, the land preparation will be carried out from the spring to the rainy season, and the spring afforestation will be selected from the first rainy season to the autumn. 4.2 Land preparation method (1) Strip-shaped land preparation: flat slope, gentle slope and lower part of the hillside, using narrow terraces, horizontal steps and other strip-shaped land preparation. The horizontal step is determined according to the afforestation line spacing. The step width is 0.8-1.5 m. The outer edge of the step is used to build the soil, and the length is suitable for leveling the terrace. The narrow terraced land preparation is 2.0-5.0 m wide and the length is Depending on the condition of the hillside, the outer edge is built on the ground. (2) Block-like land preparation: The upper part of the slope and the slope section are made of hole-shaped and fish scale pits, which are mainly conducive to maintaining water and soil. Before the land preparation, according to the afforestation design density and the row spacing, the position of the pits of the site preparation is determined according to the shape of the font. The hole-like ground preparation size is 80-100 cm, and the hole surface should be slightly inclined inward; the fish scale pit has a long diameter of 80-100 cm, a short diameter of 60-80 cm, and a height of 10-20 cm. The pit surface is high and low, above the pit. The water ditches are diagonally opened at the left and right corners to accumulate slope runoff. (3) After the land preparation, apply 15-20 kg of organic fertilizer (such as pig, cow, sheep, chicken and other decomposed manure or decomposed cake fertilizer) at each planting point (point), and then fill it with water for planting. 5 seedling selection and treatment 5.1 Seedling Standard A robust seedling with a grafting site of 1.0 cm or more in diameter, complete roots, sufficient lignification, and no pests and diseases is selected as afforestation seedlings. 5.2 Seedling treatment (1) Rooting: After the seedlings are transported to the tree planting point, the rooting treatment is carried out in time, and the main root and lateral root fractures of the seedlings are cut flat, and the splitting part and the damaged part are cut off, and appropriate short cuts are made for those longer lateral roots. (2) Immersion: Immerse the seedlings after rooting in water for 12 hours to allow the seedlings to replenish moisture, which is beneficial to fast seedlings. (3) Rooting powder: The soaked seedling roots are placed in a 0.015% ABT rooting solution for 2 hours and then planted, which is beneficial to promote seedling rooting and increase survival rate. 6 planting 6.1 Planting time Autumn and winter afforestation is carried out in mid-December, ending before freezing; spring afforestation is carried out in March-April, and afforestation seedlings should be planted with seedlings as much as possible; artificially planted seedlings can be planted for about 10 days, but attention should be paid to moistening and moisturizing the seedlings. Prevent the cadres from losing water and draining. 6.2 Planting methods Manually burrowing and burrowing is simple. It is to dig a hole with a diameter of 40 cm in the center of the backfilled hole. Fill in two-thirds of the soil and then pour a proper amount of water into the mud. The seedlings are placed in the colonization hole and the seedlings are lightly lifted, so that the root neck soil marks are flush with the hole, and then the soil is buried in the original soil mark 3 to 5 cm. Within 3 days after planting, each planting hole is filled with 1 large water, and after 3 days of water infiltration, the righting is carried out, and the soil is practised, which is beneficial to soil conservation. 7 Young Forest Care Management 7.1 New seedling management (1) Ding dry: After the seedlings are planted, set the dry height to 60~80 cm. Select 3 cm above the full buds from the upper part of the stem to cut and cut the mouth. (2) Protection of seedlings: After the seedlings are dried, the seedlings should be protected to prevent drying. The seedlings must be cut with paint or wax, and then the mulch should be used to wrap the cuts to prevent water loss. After the autumn and winter planted seedlings are filled with frozen water, the seedlings at the base of the seedlings are 30 cm high, water and moisture preservation; spring planting For the plots at the tuyere, the seedlings should be coated with polyvinyl alcohol. (3) Miao dry bagging, protect the sprouts: Before the seedlings sprout, the seedlings are dried with a long cylindrical mesh bag or plastic bag with a diameter of about 8 cm to prevent the leaf-feeding pests from harming the seedlings. When the young shoots release 2 to 3 leaves, choose to remove the bagging in the cloudy or evening. (4) Tree tray coating: After the seedlings are planted with sufficient water, each tree tray covers 1 m 2 of mulch to increase the ground temperature, increase soil moisture and promote seedling survival. 7.2 Underground management (1) Weeding and loosening soil: After the seedlings are alive, the weeding is combined with the weeding and the soil is loosened. If the soil is dry, the weeding and loosening soil should be carried out about 3 days after the seedlings are watered. After the rain, the soil moisture is suitable when weeding, so as to ensure that the soil of the tree plate is loose and not ridiculous. (2) Dredging and correcting: The mountainous terrain is complex, and the afforestation land has a certain slope. Especially after the rainstorm and flood, it is easy to rush to rush, rush out or bury the newly planted saplings. Therefore, after the heavy rain, the righteousness must be washed down. Newly planted young trees that have been washed out or buried, and the damaged tree trays are refurbished. (3) Tree-covered grass: The weeds grow vigorously in the rainy season. It is necessary to cut off the grass in other parts of the forest in time to protect the water and protect the grass. After the grass is rotted, it is beneficial to increase the soil humus. (4) Fertigation: 1 time of freezing water before freezing, 1 time of germination water before germination in spring, soil moisture in other seasons; water storage should be done during rainy season, water and fertilizer management should be strengthened for young trees within 3 years to prevent Due to poor growth of seedlings, "small old trees" are formed; every year, the base fertilizer is applied in autumn and winter, and about 15 kilograms of fertilized manure or decomposed cake fertilizer per plant is applied, and compound fertilizer is applied in the growing season. 7.3 Pruning After the new seedlings are germinated, according to the fixed dry height and plastic needs, 3 to 6 full buds with reasonable spacing should be selected as the main branch culture, and others should be erased in time. For the growing branches, it is necessary to control by means of topping and so on, which lays a good foundation for canopy shaping. 8 pest control Walnut pests and diseases mainly include walnut black spot disease, walnut blight, walnut tree rot disease, walnut anthracnose, leaf-feeding pests, etc. In prevention and control, prevention and prevention should be the main prevention and control. In the period of April-May, we will focus on the prevention and control of walnut tree rot disease. From May to August, we will focus on the prevention and control of walnut black spot and walnut blight, and we will focus on the prevention and control of walnut anthracnose from July to September.
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Throat Pain Relief Patch
[Name] Medical Cold Patch
[Package Dimension] 36 round pieces
The pain relief patch is composed of three layers, namely, backing lining, middle gel and protective film. It is free from pharmacological, immunological or metabolic ingredients.
[Scope of Application] For cold physiotherapy, closed soft tissue only.
[Indications]
The patches give fast acting pain relief for acute and chronic tonsillitis.
[How To Use a Patch]
Please follow the Schematic Diagram. One piece, one time.
The curing effect of each piece can last for 6-8 hours.
[Attention]
Do not apply the patch on the problematic skin, such as wounds, eczema, dermatitis,or in the eyes. People allergic to herbs and the pregnant are advised not to use the medication. If swelling or irritation occurs, please stop using and if any of these effects persist or worsen.notify your doctor or pharmacist promptly. Children using the patch must be supervised by adults.
[Storage Conditions] Store below 30c in a dry place away from heat and direct sunlight.