The health status of breeding pigs is the key to success or failure

In order to achieve high-quality, high-yield and high-efficiency, and improve the overall quality of the herd and maintain a high level of production, the farmer and pig farmers of the China Agricultural Machinery Association Chen Jianxiong often need to introduce pigs to better quality breeding farms. Breeding pigs. Healthy breeding pigs can bring huge economic benefits to users. On the contrary, if introduced breeding pigs carry diseases, users will soon suffer economic losses, even devastating blows. Since the reform and opening up, China's pig-breeding industry has developed rapidly, and the number of pigs introduced from abroad has increased significantly. Since the late 1980s, China has begun to import pigs from abroad in large quantities, successively from the United States, Denmark, the United Kingdom, France, the Netherlands, Belgium, Taiwan and other countries and regions have introduced large quantities of breeding pigs, which have played a significant role in the improvement of lean type pigs in China. Due to the lack of effective monitoring methods and inadequate supporting measures, some seriously endangered diseases have been brought into the country, such as Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, pseudorabies, infectious pleuropneumoniae, circovirus, and porcine atrophic rhinitis have begun to "blossom the results" on each farm, causing great economic losses. The introduction of breeding pigs on pig farms has not only failed to achieve the desired benefits, but on the contrary, it has been “introducing wolf into the room”. It can be said that the health status of breeding pigs is the key to success. 1. The health status of breeding pigs is the key to the sustainable operation of the farms. Since 2004, China will implement the phased interpretation of animal epidemics, and regularly publish new animals at home and abroad to the countries of the world and the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE). epidemic. Once a major outbreak occurs in a certain area and cannot be controlled within the specified time, the Ministry of Agriculture will declare the area an epidemic area. Other places may refuse or seal off livestock products from the area, so once a severe epidemic disease occurs on the farm, it will face It will be extremely serious and normal production and regular activities will not be carried out. The health status of breeding pigs is a guarantee of pig production. In recent years, the epidemic situation of animal husbandry in the world is worrying. From the sensational foot-and-mouth disease in Taiwan to the “mad cow disease” incident in Europe that has been affecting for many years, the bird flu incident has caused heavy losses in animal husbandry across the country, and some even cause panic. Diseases on pig farms are increasingly complex, and pigs can cause as many as 25 diseases in both humans and animals. With the continuous development of society, the circulation of seedlings and commercial pigs in various regions and countries in the world has increased, creating conditions for the occurrence and prevalence of diseases; some diseases have been introduced into China and have been erupted on a large scale, seriously endangering the use of pigs. The development of the industry is even more serious. Some new serious infectious diseases continue to emerge, causing immeasurable losses to the pig industry, such as the epidemic of porcine circovirus and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome. , caused by the decline of the body's basic immune function, leading to immune failure in the pigs, in recent years, such as porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), piglets weaned post-weaning syndrome (PMWS), porcine respiratory disease syndrome ( PRDC), Porcine dermatitis nephrotic syndrome (PDNS), etc. The clinical lesions of various pathogens caused by the disease are extremely serious, and can easily cause clinical misdiagnosis and prevention difficulties. Due to the emergence of these new diseases, the incidence of pig diseases As the death rate increased, the pig farms suffered heavy losses. It has caused great harm to China's pig industry. Many pig farms have been closed down due to huge economic losses caused by epidemic diseases of pigs; some pig farms have experienced multi-system exhaustion syndrome (PMWS) after weaning piglets, the incidence rate is as high as 60%, and the direct mortality rate is more than 40%. The health status of breeding pigs is also related to the problems in the industry and social reputation of pig farms. Infectious diseases of pigs are serious diseases that harm the pig industry. It may not only cause death of large numbers of pigs and loss of pork products, but also affect people’s lives and foreign trade. , And some infectious diseases of human and animal diseases can also pose a serious threat to people's health. Once a farm disease occurs, it will face the risk of closure. 2. The health status of breeding pigs is the main factor that determines the production cost of pig farms; the health status of breeding pigs is the precondition for whether the breeding pigs can exert their excellent performances. In the current situation where the disease is complicated, the health level of breeding pigs and the management of disease on farms Ability is the key to raise the cost of raising pigs. From the current epidemic characteristics of swine farms, in addition to some infectious diseases, pig reproductive system diseases, respiratory diseases, digestive tract diseases, and pig parasites caused by viruses or bacteria are the major causes of declining farm economic efficiency. the reason. Pig reproductive system diseases have a greater impact on the cost of raising pigs. The number of live piglets, the number of weaned piglets and the weight of litters in sows are affected by factors such as the sow’s health status and management conditions. Common reproductive system diseases include swine fever, reproductive and respiratory syndrome, pseudorabies, parvovirus, and Japanese encephalitis. When the sow is infected with an outbreak of breeding system disease, the reproduction rate is reduced, the herd population in pig farms declines sharply during a period of time, and when the disease is controlled and some of the sows whose normal reproductive functions begin to reproduce, at the same time as the healthy sows Entering the same reproductive cycle, the number of farrowing sows at the same time will increase significantly. The first is the confinement of the tillers, followed by the nursery, growth, and bred house, “the pig is full of diseases.” Due to the increase in density, respiratory diseases and parasites will follow. As a result, the growth rate of pigs is slowed down, feed remuneration is reduced, and a vicious circle is easily formed. Reconditioning is difficult and takes a long time. In addition, the farm labor costs are relatively increased, and the economic benefits of pig farms have decreased significantly. Respiratory diseases are the main diseases that severely reduce the efficiency of farms. Because of the increase in production scale and stocking density, a large number of herds are continuously raised in one space. The pig houses have a poor microclimate environment and frequent turnover. As a result of the increased stress response, the resistance of the pig's body is reduced; the incidence of porcine respiratory infections has become more frequent and the etiology has become more and more complex. In the five recognized epidemics that harm the modern pig industry, respiratory infectious diseases account for three types, namely porcine contagious pleuropneumonia, atrophic rhinitis, and mycoplasma pneumoniae. When pigs become infected with respiratory diseases, The incidence rate will be higher and higher, resulting in slow growth of pigs, lower feed remuneration, higher mortality, delayed marketing and vicious cycle of management and other serious economic losses. These diseases are common in China and have caused serious damage. According to our experience and statistics, respiratory diseases caused by mixed infections of viruses, bacteria, etc., in addition to causing direct death, can reduce the pig's daily weight gain by 15%, feed utilization rate by 18%, and the slaughter time is delayed by 23 days. Weight loss or stagnation can reach 70%. Pathogens that cause respiratory diseases include Mycoplasma, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, and Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus, which can cause ruptured fusion of the lobes, pleurisy, and abscesses. Antibiotics such as galantang, tiamulin, and lignocin can control these diseases, and many trials have shown that adding drugs (such as “Gakang”) to control respiratory diseases in pigs is very effective. In the epidemic season of respiratory diseases, effective drugs were used to control M. hyopneumoniae disease. As a result, at the time of slaughter at 22 weeks, pigs that had been administered (98 kg) weighed 25 kg more than those of unadministered pigs (73 kg), even if they counted the drug costs they spent. The farm can obtain an input-output ratio of 1:9.2. Visible respiratory diseases have significantly reduced the economics of the farm. In addition, parasitosis is also one of the diseases that cause the benefits of pig farms to decline. A survey conducted by the University of Minnesota, USA, showed that parasite infection still exists in well-managed pig farms. Even minor infections can cause a large number of losses, including reduced feed utilization, slower growth rates, and due to locusts. Transplantation of internal parasites such as whipworms causes damage to internal organs and damage to the body's immune system. Deworming tests conducted by a large group of white pig farms in Guangdong showed that the daily gain of pigs (from 20 kg to 90 kg) was increased by 9.3% compared with pigs without insecticide using a scientific insecticide model. The consumption was reduced by 10.9%, the growth rate was increased by 10.9%, the ratio of meat to meat was increased by 0.36, and due to the effective control of the occurrence of rickets, the qualified rate of foreign trade export was greatly improved, and the liver was abandoned due to liver aphid spotting during slaughter at the domestic market. The situation no longer appears. From the birth to the slaughter of a pig, the cost of deworming according to the deworming plan (including public and sow deworming expenses) is 3.8 yuan, and the income thus obtained can reach 28 yuan or more. From another perspective, it can be seen that the parasitic diseases of pig farms have a great impact on the economic benefits of pig farms. 3. Good health status of breeding pigs is a powerful weapon for improving the market competitiveness of pig farms. When all pig farms and farmers introduce breeding pigs, the first concern is the health problems of breeding pigs, especially in the increasingly complicated pig diseases today. Pig breeders often have a detailed understanding of the health status of breeding pigs in breeding pig farms, and even commissioned relevant technical departments to monitor them. Based on the overall understanding of the situation, they decided to purchase the products of that breeding farm, and the health level of breeding pigs was to some extent. It is determined whether the breeding pigs in the breeding farms can be sold or not. The health status of the breeding pigs is a powerful weapon for improving the market competitiveness of the breeding farms, and it is a key to whether the farm can achieve economic benefits. In the international market, China is the world's largest pig country. In recent years, many large-scale pig farms along the coast have gradually reached the world level in terms of the quality of pork carcasses. If China's breeding pigs and pork products can enter the international market, it will not only promote the steady development of China's pig-breeding industry, but also promote the “three rural issues”. The settlement of problems (agriculture, rural areas, and farmers) can play an active role. However, judging from the current situation, China's breeding pigs and pork products are still facing severe challenges. In terms of the health and safety of pork products, all countries in the world have formulated corresponding quality standards, hygiene standards and various toxic and hazardous residue qualification standards. The health and health level of meat products has become a non-tariff barrier for many countries, although China has As a member of the WTO, due to epidemic diseases, pigs or pork exported by China are mainly supplied to Hong Kong and Macao. Countries such as the European Union and Japan are unwilling to import meat from China, and Russia has also reduced the amount imported from China. The current "bird flu" controversy has caused many countries and regions to suspend the import of poultry products from China. Foreign trade poultry farms in the coastal areas have suffered huge losses. From this outbreak of bird flu, we can more clearly recognize the health The importance of the herd.

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